
212 Important Linux features
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• kill directly processes with PID 1149, 1151 and 1143
kill -9 1149 1151 1143
Use kill -9 PID only if kill PID does not kill the process!
13.1.10 compress, gzip
compress, gzip, bzip: compression to reduce the size of a file
File compression can be used to:
• save disk space on rarely used files
• reduce network traffic (e.g. rcp, ftp, E-mail)
• compress a file, fila is replaced by fila.Z
compress fila
• uncompress a file, fila.Z is replaced by fila
uncompress fila
• compress a file, fila is replaced by fila.gz
gzip fila
• uncompress a file, fila.gz is replaced by fila
gunzip fila
• compress a file, fila is replaced by fila.gz
bzip2 fila
• uncompress a file, fila.gz is replaced by fila
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