Red Hat Linux Itanium 7.2 Manual do Utilizador

Red Hat Linux 7.2The Official Red Hat Linux Itanium InstallationGuide

x IntroductionNoteRemember that Linux is case sensitive. In other words, a rose is not a ROSEis not a rOsE.CAUTIONDo not do routine tasks as root — us

100 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFigure E–1 An Unused Disk DriveNot much to look at, is it? But if we are talking about disk drives on

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 101Figure E–2 Disk Drive with a FilesystemAs Figure E–2, Disk Drive with a Filesystem implies, the order imposed

102 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk Partitionsof filesystems (including many commonly used by other operating systems), making data interchangebetw

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 103Figure E–4 Disk Drive with Data Written to ItAs Figure E–4, Disk Drive with Data Written to It shows, 14 of th

104 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk Partitionsdrives with a greater capacity, but the overhead imposed by the filesystem to track files became ex-c

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 105• Whether the partition is "active"• The partition’s typeLet us take a closer look at each of these

106 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsPartition Type Value Partition Type ValueVenix 80286 40 CP/M dbNovell 51 DOS access e1Microport 52 DO

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 107This is a typical partition layout for most newly purchased computers with a consumer version ofMicrosoft Wind

108 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsAs this figure implies, there is a difference between primary and logical partitions -- there can onl

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 109Figure E–8 Disk Drive with Unpartitioned Free SpaceIf you think about it, an unused hard disk also falls into

Section 0.2:How to Use This Manual xiTipRefer to the Red Hat Frequently Asked Questions for answers to questionsand problems that may occur before, du

110 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFigure E–9 Disk Drive With an Unused PartitionIf you find yourself in this situation, you can use the

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 111CAUTIONIf there was an operating system of some type installed on that parti-tion, it will need to be reinstal

112 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsCAUTIONAs Figure E–10, Disk Drive Being Destructively Repartitioned shows,any data present in the ori

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 113Figure E–11 Disk Drive Being CompressedThis step is crucial. Without it, the location of your data could preve

114 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFigure E–12 Disk Drive with Partition ResizedIt is important to understand what the resizing software

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 115Figure E–13 Disk Drive with Final Partition ConfigurationNoteThe following information is specific to Intel-ba

116 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsThat said, if you decide to repartition your hard drive with fips,itisvital that you do two things:•

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 117This letter indicates which device the partition is on. For example, /dev/hda (the first IDEhard disk) or /dev

118 Appendix E:An Introduction to Disk PartitionsFor example, if partition /dev/hda5 were mounted on /usr, that would mean that allfiles and directori

Index 119IndexAadding partitions ... 37filesystem type ... 39authenticationconfiguration ...

xii Introduction

120 Indexfilesystemformats, overview of...100filesystem migrationupgrading your filesystem... 80filesystem types ...

Index 121selecting type of keyboard ... 28Llanguageselecting ... 27support for multiple languages...

122 Index( See partition, root )root password ... 49Sselectingpackages ... 53startinginst

Index 123virtual consoles ... 25XXconfiguration ... 57X Window System ...

Section 1.1:Do You Have the Right Red Hat Linux Components? 131 Steps to Get You StartedBefore you install Red Hat Linux, you will need to perform the

14 Chapter 1:Steps to Get You Started1.1.2 Why You Should Register Your Red Hat Linux BoxedSetIf you have purchased an Official Red Hat Linux 7.2 boxe

Section 1.4:Which Installation Class is Best For You? 15worked with disk partitions before (or need a quick review of the basic concepts) read Appendi

16 Chapter 1:Steps to Get You StartedWARNINGInstalling Red Hat Linux over another installation of Linux (includingRed Hat Linux) does not preserve any

Section 1.4:Which Installation Class is Best For You? 17• Workstation choosing GNOME or KDE : 1.5 GB• Workstation choosing both GNOME and KDE, and gam

18 Chapter 1:Steps to Get You Started• Server (choosing everything, GNOME and KDE): 2.0 GBIf you plan to choose all group packages, as well as select

Section 1.4:Which Installation Class is Best For You? 19If you choose automatic partitioning, a custom installation will create the following partitio

ISBN: N/ARed Hat, Inc.2600 Meridian ParkwayDurham, NC 27713 USA+1 919 547 0012 (Voice)+1 919 547 0024 (FAX)888 733 4281 (Voice)P.O. Box 13588Research

20 Chapter 1:Steps to Get You Started

Section 2.2:The EFI Shell 212 Before You Begin the InstallationProcess2.1 Installation OverviewInstalling Red Hat Linux on an Itanium system is differ

22 Chapter 2:Before You Begin the Installation ProcessThe EFI Shell contains a bootloader called elilo. Additional information on EFI can be found att

Section 2.2:The EFI Shell 23listed in the order they are probed. Therefore, fs0 is the system partition on the LS-120, fs1 is thesystem partition on t

24 Chapter 2:Before You Begin the Installation ProcessYou will need to create an LS-120 boot image file diskette from the boot image file on CD 1: im-

Section 3.1:The Installation Program User Interface 253 Installing Red Hat LinuxThis chapter explains how to install Red Hat Linux from the CD-ROM usi

26 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxTable 3–1 Console, Keystrokes, and ContentsConsole Keystrokes Contents1[Ctrl]-[Alt]-[F1]installation dialog2[Ctrl

Section 3.3:Language Selection 27If you are installing directly from an FTP server, use this method. You will need a networkboot disk. Refer to Chapte

28 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat Linux3.4 Keyboard ConfigurationChoose the keyboard model that best fits your system (see Figure 3–2, Keyboard Configur

Section 3.5:Mouse Configuration 29TipTo change your keyboard type after you have installed Red Hat Linux, as rootuse the /usr/sbin/kbdconfig command.

ContentsRed Hat Linux 7.2Introduction... viiDocument Conventions...

30 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–3 Mouse ConfigurationIf you have a PS/2 or a bus mouse, you do not need to pick a port and device. If yo

Section 3.7:Install Options 313.6 Welcome to Red Hat LinuxThe Welcome screen does not prompt you for any input. Please read over the help text in the

32 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFor more information about the different installation classes, please refer to Section 1.4, Which Instal-lation C

Section 3.9:Automatic Partitioning 333.9 Automatic PartitioningIf you chose to manually partition using Disk Druid, refer to Section 3.10, Partitionin

34 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxCAUTIONIf you select this option, all data on the selected hard drive(s) will beremoved by the installation progr

Section 3.10:Partitioning Your System 35NoteIf you have not yet planned how you will set up your partitions, refer to Ap-pendix E, An Introduction to

36 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxAbove the display, you will see the drive name (such as /dev/hda), the geom (which shows the harddisk’s geometry

Section 3.10:Partitioning Your System 37• Type: This field shows the partition’s type (for example, ext2, ext3, or vfat).•Mount Point: A mount point i

38 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–8 Creating a New PartitionNoteYou must dedicate at least one partition to Red Hat Linux, and optionallym

Section 3.10:Partitioning Your System 39• Size (Megs): Enter the size (in megabytes) of the partition. Note this field starts with a "1" in

3.15 Time Zone Configuration ... 473.16 Account Configuration ...

40 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat Linux• software RAID — Creating two or more software RAID partitions allow you to create a RAIDdevice. For more inform

Section 3.11:Partitioning with fdisk 41CAUTIONUnless you have previously usedfdiskand understand how it works, we donot recommend that you use it.Disk

42 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat Linux3.12 Network ConfigurationIf you do not have a network card, you will not see this screen. Skip ahead to Section

Section 3.13:Firewall Configuration 43NoteDo not use the numbers as seen in this sample configuration. These valueswill not work for your own network

44 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–10 Firewall ConfigurationHighIf you choose High, your system will not accept connections (other than the

Section 3.13:Firewall Configuration 45MediumIf you choose Medium, your firewall will not allow remote machines to have access to certainresources on y

46 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxSSHSecure SHell (SSH) is a suite of tools for logging into and executing commands on aremote machine. If you plan

Section 3.15:Time Zone Configuration 47You must select a language to use as the default language. The default language will be used on yourRed Hat Lin

48 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–12 Configuring the Time ZoneNotice the two tabs at the top of the screen (see Figure 3–12, Configuring t

Section 3.16:Account Configuration 493.16 Account ConfigurationThe Account Configuration screen allows you to set your root password. Additionally, yo

C.2 An Overview of Red Hat Support ... 87C.3 Scope of Red Hat Support ...

50 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxThe installation program will prompt you to set a root password2for your system. You must enter aroot password. T

Section 3.17:Authentication Configuration 51Figure 3–14 Creating a User AccountYou can also choose New to add a new user. Enter the user’s information

52 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–15 Authentication Configuration• Enable MD5 passwords — allows a long password to be used (up to 256 cha

Section 3.18:Package Group Selection 53about LDAP, refer to Official Red Hat Linux Reference Guide, Lightweight Directory Access Pro-tocol (LDAP). You

54 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxGNOME and KDE are both graphical desktop environments3that handle the overall look and feel ofyour system. You mu

Section 3.18:Package Group Selection 553.18.1 Selecting Individual PackagesAfter selecting the components you wish to install, you can select or desel

56 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxYou can also select or deselect all packages listed within a particular group, by clicking on the Selectall in gr

Section 3.19:X Configuration 57Figure 3–18 Unresolved Dependencies3.19 X ConfigurationThe first part of X configuration deals with video card configur

58 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–19 Video Card SetupNext, enter the amount of video memory installed on your video card. If you are not s

Section 3.21:Installing Packages 59WARNINGIf, for some reason, you would rather not continue with the installationprocess, this is your last opportuni

vi

60 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–20 Installing Packages3.22 Boot Disk CreationIf you chose to create a boot disk, you should now insert a

Section 3.23:X Configuration 61Figure 3–21 Creating Your Boot Disk3.23 X ConfigurationIn order to complete X configuration, you must configure your mo

62 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxFigure 3–22 Monitor SelectionIf your monitor does not appear on the list, select the most appropriate Generic mod

Section 3.23:X Configuration 63Click Next when you have finished configuring your monitor.3.23.2 Custom ConfigurationChoose the correct color depth an

64 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat LinuxYou can also choose whether you want to boot your system into a text or graphical environment onceRed Hat Linux i

Section 3.25:Booting Your Machine and Post-Installation Setup 65This command displays the contents of the configuration file. Each stanza contains a l

66 Chapter 3:Installing Red Hat Linuxby selecting it and pressing the [d] key. After changing the boot order, choose Save changes toNVRAM. Choose Exit

Section 4.1:Things You Should Know 674 Installing Red Hat Linux via Text ModeThis release of Red Hat Linux features a graphical, mouse-based installat

68 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text Mode4.1.1 Basic Hardware ConfigurationYou should have a basic understanding of the hardware installed i

Section 4.2:The Installation Program User Interface 69• Gateway IP address — another set of four dot-separated numbers; for example, 10.0.2.254.• One

Section 0.1:Document Conventions viiIntroductionWelcome to the Official Red Hat Linux Itanium Installation Guide.The Official Red Hat Linux Itanium In

70 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text ModeFigure 4–2 Installation Program Widgets as seen in Disk DruidHere is a list of the most important w

Section 4.3:Starting the Installation Program 71• Button widget — button widgets are the primary method of interacting with the installation pro-gram.

72 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text ModeTo boot into text mode, at the EFI Shell type:Shell>elilo linux text4.3.1 Displaying Online Help

Section 4.5:Identify Disk Partition to Install From 73Text Mode Screen Text Mode Reference PointFirewall Configuration Section 3.13, Firewall Configur

74 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text Modeto performing an installation, use an md5sum program (many md5sum programs are available forvarious

Section 4.6:Installing over a Network 754.6.1 Setting Up the ServerBecause the Red Hat Linux 7.2 installation program is capable of installing Red Hat

76 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text ModeFigure 4–4 NFS Setup DialogEnter the fully-qualified domain name or IP address of your NFS server.

Section 4.6:Installing over a Network 77Figure 4–5 FTP Setup DialogEnter the name or IP address of the FTP site you are installing from, and the name

78 Chapter 4:Installing Red Hat Linux via Text ModeFigure 4–6 HTTP Setup DialogEnter the name or IP address of the HTTP site you are installing from,

Section A.2:Upgrading Your System 79A Upgrading Your Current SystemThis appendix walks you through a typical Red Hat Linux 7.2 upgrade.A.1 What it Mea

viii IntroductionapplicationThis style should indicate to you that the program named is an end-user application (as opposedto system software). For ex

80 Appendix A:Upgrading Your Current SystemFigure A–1 Choosing Install or UpgradeA.3 Upgrading Your FilesystemThe installation program has detected th

Section A.5:Selecting Packages to Upgrade 81A.4 Customizing Your UpgradeDo you want to choose the packages to be upgraded or let the installation prog

82 Appendix A:Upgrading Your Current SystemUsing Tree view, you see a listing of package groups. When you expand this list and pick one group,the list

Section A.6:Upgrading Packages 83The Unresolved Dependencies screen appears only if you are missing packages that are needed byyour customized package

84 Appendix A:Upgrading Your Current SystemFigure A–5 Installing PackagesA.7 Upgrade CompleteCongratulations! Your Red Hat Linux 7.2 upgrade is now co

Additional Resources about Itanium and Linux 85B Additional Resources about Itaniumand LinuxOther reference materials, related to running Red Hat Linu

86 Appendix B:Additional Resources about Itanium and Linux

Section C.2:An Overview of Red Hat Support 87C Getting Technical SupportC.1 Remember to Sign UpIf you have an official edition of Red Hat Linux 7.2 an

88 Appendix C:Getting Technical Support• Getting supported hardware recognized by the Red Hat Linux operating system• Assistance with drive partitioni

Section C.4:How to Get Technical Support 89• Mandrake• CheapBytesAdditionally, Red Hat Linux obtained via any of the following methods does not qualif

Section 0.1:Document Conventions ixWhen you see text in this style, it indicates text displayed by the computer on the command line.You will see respo

90 Appendix C:Getting Technical SupportIf you created a new customer profile, once you activate your product you will see a webpage thatshows your reg

Section C.5:Questions for Technical Support 91NoteRefer to the service level agreement at http://www.redhat.com/support/sla/for more information on ho

92 Appendix C:Getting Technical Support

Section D.2:Trouble Beginning the Installation 93D Troubleshooting Your Installation ofRed Hat LinuxThis appendix discusses some common installation p

94 Appendix D:Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxFigure D–1 Mouse Not DetectedFor an overview of text mode installation instructions, p

Section D.3:Trouble During the Installation 95D.3.2 Other Partitioning ProblemsIf you are using Disk Druid to create partitions, but cannot move to th

96 Appendix D:Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxS’method’p3(iimageCdromInstallMethodp4(dp5S’progressWindow’p6<failed>This error

Section D.4:Problems After Installation 97If you selected either the custom or workstation installation and do not see the graphical login screen,chec

98 Appendix D:Troubleshooting Your Installation of Red Hat LinuxTo do this, click on Panel=>Programs=>Settings=>GNOME Control Center to launc

Section E.1:Hard Disk Basic Concepts 99E An Introduction to Disk PartitionsDisk partitions are a standard part of the personal computer landscape and